Resources / Exercises
German exercise: Konjunktiv II and Konjunktiv I (C1)
Choose the right subjunctive form for each sentence. You see straight away if you are right, and why.
Choose the right form of the verb.
Konjunktiv II expresses what is unreal, hypothetical or polite: wishes, conditions and advice. It is built from the simple past, often with an umlaut (hätte, wäre, käme), or with würde plus the infinitive for most regular verbs. For the past, use hätte or wäre with the past participle: "Wenn ich das gewusst hätte, wäre ich gekommen."
Konjunktiv I marks reported speech in written German, especially in news and formal texts. It is built from the infinitive stem plus -e, so the third person singular is the form you see most: er habe, sie komme, es sei. When a Konjunktiv I form looks exactly like the indicative, as with sie haben or sie werden, standard German replaces it with Konjunktiv II: "Sie sagten, sie hätten keine Zeit."
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